INRS (Institut national de la recherche scientifique)‘den uluslararası bir araştırma ekibi, 15 Haziran 2020’de Applied Physics Letters‘da yayınladıkları makalede lazerlerin yoğunluğunu arttırmak için yenilikçi bir teknik sundular. Işık atımlarının sıkıştırılmasına dayanan bu yaklaşım, kuantum elektrodinamik olayların daha iyi araştırılabilmesi için gerekli eşik yoğunluğuna erişimi sağlayıp, olumlu katkılar sunabilir.
INRS’den Jean-Claude Kieffer, Rusya Bilimler Akademisi Uygulamalı Fizik Enstitüsü’nden EA Khazanov ve Fransa’da Nobel Ödülü alan Ecole Polytechnique Profesörü Emeritus Gérard Mourou 2018 yılında, yeni fiziksel yaklaşımların kapısını aralama potansiyeli taşıyan; yaklaşık olarak 1023 Watt (W) güç etmeyi sağlayabilecek lazer teknikleri üzerinde çalışmaya başladılar. Yaklaşımları, lazerin enerjisini arttırmak yerine, atım süresini sadece birkaç femtosaniyeye (Bir femtosaniye, saniyenin 10⁻¹⁵ ya da ¹⁄₁ ₀₀₀ ₀₀₀ ₀₀₀ ₀₀₀ ₀₀₀ değerine eşit olan SI birim birimidir; yani saniyenin bir katrilyonda biri veya milyarda birinin milyonda biri.) düşürmekti. Böylece ışık atımlarının sıkıştırılması sağlanmış olacak ve bu, sistemi makul bir boyutta çalışabilir kılıp, işletme maliyetini düşürecekti.
Mümkün olan en kısa atımı üretmek için, araştırmacılar doğrusal olmayan optiklerin etkilerinden faydalandılar. Araştırma ekibinin tekniği, son derece ince ve mükemmel bir homojen cam plakadan gönderilen lazer ışınının, katı ortam içinde dalganın spektrumunun genişleşmesine ve plakanın çıkışında tekrar sıkıştırıldığında daha kısa bir atım elde edilmesini sağlama mantığıyla çalışmaktadır.
INRS’deki Advanced Laser Light Source (ALLS) yerleşkesinde çalışan araştırmacılar, şu an için kendilerini 10-femtosaniye atım veya 300 terawatt (1012) için 3 jul enerjisiyle sınırladılar. Ancak bir sonraki hedefleri, deneyi 5 femtosaniye üzerinde 13 jul veya 3 petawatt (1015) yoğunlukta tekrarlamak.

Profesör Kieffer ise çalışmaları ile alakalı “Bu kadar kısa atımları olan bir lazerle dünyada bu güce ulaşan ilklerden biri olacağız. Çok kısa atımlar elde edersek, bilim topluluğunu yeni ufuklara taşıma potansiyeli olan son derece ilginç yönlere varabiliriz.” diyor.
Kaynakça
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique – INRS tarafından Materyal
- S. Yu. Mironov, S. Fourmaux, P. Lassonde, V. N. Ginzburg, S. Payeur, J.-C. Kieffer, E. A. Khazanov, G. Mourou. Thin plate compression of a sub-petawatt Ti:Sa laser pulses. Applied Physics Letters, 2020; 116 (24): 241101 DOI: 10.1063/5.0008544
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